Potassium Amyl Xanthate (PAX)/ Flottec PAX/ XANTATO AMILICO DE POTASIO
/ Flomin C3505 / AERO 350
- Strong, unselective collector
Potassium amyl xanthate (PAX), with 5 carbon molecules in its chain, is strong, unselective, and is ideal for sulphide gold operations where all sulphide minerals need to be recovered.
It can be applied for flotation of all types of sulphide minerals in combination with weaker xathates.
Xanthates in mining
Xanthates have been the workhorse of sulfide mineral flotation since the 1920’s (Harris 1989), and they represent the largest volume of any sulfide mineral collector. Xanthate collectors are salts consisting of a non-polar hydrocarbon group, which provides the hydrophobicity to a sulphide mineral, pointing outward from the mineral to the solution, and a polar group that adsorbs onto the sulphide mineral surface.
PRODUCTION OF XANTHATES:
RAW MATERIALS: are Carbon Disulfide, Caustic Soda (Sodium Hydroxide) or Potash (Potassium Hydroxide) and a determined alcohol, which provides it with collecting properties in flotation processes of metallic and polymetallic minerals.
WHAT IS THE QUALITY OF YOUR XANTHATE?
The production of pure xanthates requires pure raw materials and then the reaction must also be driven to completion. This requires sophisticated process design and control of the manufacturing process which, in turn, influence the price and metallurgical efficiency of the product.
DOWNLOAD OUR CASE STUDY TO AVOID BUYING SUB-STANDARD XANTHATE!
XANTHATE APPLICATION:
Xanthates
|
Relative Strength
|
Typical Plant Concentration %
|
Sodium Ethyl Xanthate /SEX
|
WEAK
|
10-20
|
Sodium Isopropyl Xanthate /SIPX
|
↓
STRONG
|
10.20
|
Sodium Isobutyl Xanthate /SIBX
|
10-20
|
Potassium Amyl Xanthate /PAX
|
15-25
|
All Xanthates are water-soluble and are usually fed in as aqueous solutions in a 5 to 20% strength.
These reagents are widely used for all sulfide minerals, with a high tendency to float iron sulfide, except when using depressors. They cannot be used in highly acidic circuits, as they tend to decompose.
Kemcore carries common Xanthate products equivalent or similar to:
Potassium Ethyl Xanthate (PEX)
|
Aero 303
|
Potassium Amyl Xanthate (PAX)
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Flottec PAX/Flomin C3505/AERO 350
|
Sodium Ethyl Xanthate (SEX)
|
Flottec SEX/FloMin C 3200/AERO 325
|
Sodium Isobutyl Xanthate (SIBX)
|
Flottec SIBX/FloMin C3430/AERO 317
|
Sodium Isopropyl Xanthate (SIPX)
|
Flottec SIPX/Flomin C3330/AERO 343
|
Sodium n-butyl Xanthate SNBX
|
FloMin C 3410
|
Sodium Amyl Xanthate
|
|
|
|
Our range of modifiers, collectors and frothers are produced in fully integrated world-class facilities in China and Kemcore guarantees a continuous supply to our customers worldwide.
Advantages of Xanthate.
- The least expensive sulfide mineral collector-Inexpensive compared to Specialty Collectors
- Easy to manufacture and available in solid pellet form for easy handling
- Dosage: in plant environment they’re fed at active concentrations of 5% or less in water.
- Very good at recovering in an unselectve manner bulk sulfide minerals, including sulfides.
- Can be used with lime to give a pH operating range of 9-12.
- Can be used as a sole collector in a sulfide mineral plant.
Plant Operation Tips –
- The sequence of addition of modifiers, collectors and frothers is of great importance, especially when sulphidising agents and other activators and depressants are involved.
- Flotation is a process that relies heavily on surface chemistry,
by adding all of the collectors to the conditioner, a thick, scummy and uncontrollable froth is obtained which yields a low and unmarketable grade concentrate with entrained insoluble minerals. Therefore careful consideration should be taken when selecting reagent-dosing points in the plant so that recovery and grade are optimised.
-When trialling additional or different collectors maintain a visual inspection history of the froth and concentrate in each circuit
- Data from each shift should be collected over the duration of the trial so that shift recoveries and grades can be determined and to ascertain whether the trial collector is better or worse than the incumbent collector.